East flowing rivers between Mahanadi and Pennar

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Hydrological Observation Stations Map

The basin spreads over states of Andhra Pradesh and Odisha having an area of 86,643 Sq.km and stretches between 78°40’ to 85°1’ east longitudes and 14°34’ to 20°22’ north latitudes. It is bounded by the Eastern Ghats on the north and west, by Nallamala Range and Andra plains on the south and by the Bay of Bengal on the east. This composite basin comprises of three river systems. The river systems between Mahanadi and Godavari covers an area of 49,685 Sq.km and the river systems between Krishna and Pennar extends over an area of 24,669 Sq.km. In addition, there is also a small area between Godavari and Krishna drained mainly by the small stream of Palleru. This minor portion of the basin has an area of about 12,289 Sq.km. The independent rivers (directly draining into Bay of Bengal) in the basin from north to south are the Rushikulya, the Bahuda, the Vamsadhara, the Nagavali, the Sarada, the Varaha, the Tandava, the Eluru, the Gundlakamma, the Musi, the Paleru and the Manneru. The major part of basin is covered with agricultural land accounting to 59.85% of the total area and 3.66% of the basin is covered by water bodies. The basin spreads over 23 parliamentary constituencies (2009) comprising 17 of Andhra Pradesh and 6 of Odisha.